The Poincaré series of the module of derivations of affine monomial curves (Q2386026)

Let \(A\) be a graded \(k\)-algebra, with \(k\) a field, and let \(M\) be a finitely generated \(A\)-module. The Poincaré series \(P_{M}^{A}\) is the formal power series \(\sum_{i} \dim_{k} \text{Tor}_{i}{A}(k,M)z^{i}\). The module of derivations \(\text{Der}_{k}(A)\subseteq \Hom_{k}(A,A)\) is the set \[ \{\rho \in \Hom_{k}(A,A)\mid \rho(ab)=a \rho(b)+\rho(a) b \text{ for every \(a,b \in A\)}\}\,. \] The authors study the Poincaré series of \(\text{Der}_{k} k[S]\), the module of derivations of affine monomial curves, that is, of a numerical semigroup ring \(k[S]\). If \(S\) is a numerical semigroup generated by two elements, then \(k[S]\) is a hypersurface. Thus, the authors determine a minimal free resolution of the left \(k[S]\)-module \(\text{Der}_{k} k[S]\,.\) The main theorem (theorem 4.4) relates the Poincaré series of \(\text{Der}_{k} k[S]\) to the Poincaré series of \(k\) over \(k[S]\) and to the type of \(S\). It is used to determine the Poincaré series of \(\text{Der}_{k} k[S]\) or, at least, its rationality, for some classes of examples. E.g. \textit{E. Kunz} [``Über die Klassifikation numerischer Halbgruppen'', Regensburger Math. Schr. 11 (1987; Zbl 0618.14008)] classified all the possible algebras \(\overline{A}\) for \(\overline{A}=k[S]\) of multiplicity at most \(7\). For all of these cases, the authors prove the rationality of \(P_{\text{Der}_{k} A}^{A}(z)\). Finally, the authors give an example of a non-rational \(P_{\text{Der}_{k} k[S]}^{k[S]}(z)\).