Symplectic action around loops in Ham(\(M\)) (Q2387790)

The U(1)-valued action integral \(\kappa(\omega)\) around the curve \(\{\psi_t(x)\}_t\), \(\psi= \{\psi_t\}\) is a loop in \(\text{Ham}(M)\) the group of Hamiltonian symplectomorphism of \((M,\omega)\), a compact symplectic manifold. It is expressed in terms of a character of a representation of \(G\) when \(M\) is a quantizable Hamiltonian \(G\)-manifold (Theorem 16). If \(G\) is semisimple and \(M\) is a coadjoint orbit \(G/G_\eta\), then it is shown that \[ \kappa(\psi)= {\chi(\pi^*)(h_1)\over \dim\pi},\quad\dot h_t h^{-1}_t= A_t. \] Here, \(\psi\) is generated by \(A_t\in{\mathfrak g}\), and \(\pi\) is the representation of \(G\) whose highest weight is \(-2\pi i\eta\) (Theorem 21). This result permits us to calculate \(\kappa(\psi)\) using Weyl's character formula. If \((M,\omega q)\) is quantizable, \(\kappa(\psi)\) is defined by \[ \kappa_x(\psi)= \exp\Biggl(2\pi i\int^1_0 f_t(\psi_t(x))\,dt\Biggr), \] where \(f_i\) is the normalized time-dependent Hamiltonian associated to \(\psi\) [\textit{A. Weinstein}, Math. Z. 201, No. 1, 75--82 (1989; Zbl 0644.57024)]. This definition seems to depend on \(x\), but is independent of \(x\) [\textit{A. Viña}, J. Geom. Phys. 40, 26--46 (2001; Zbl 0999.53055) hereafter referred to as [1]. The proof given in [1] was based on an analysis of properties of the prequantum representations. In this paper, an alternative proof of this independence in the context of the gauge transformation of prequantum bundle, is given (\S2, Theorem 4). As a, corollary, \(\kappa(\psi)\) is interpreted as a holonomy of a transport (Corollary 5). The differential equation of the transport along \(\psi\) is written down as \[ {d\tau_i\over dt}={\mathcal P}_{X_i}(\tau_i),\quad \tau_0= \tau. \] Here, \(X_i\) is the family of vector fields that determines the isotopy \(\psi\) (Proposition 1). By this fact, it is shown that \(\kappa\) defines a group homomorphism \[ \kappa: \pi_1(\text{Ham}(M))\to \text{U}(1), \] (Proposition 7). So, we can define the action integral around an element \([\psi]\in \pi_1(\text{Ham}(M))\) as \(\kappa_x(\psi)\). In \S3, when \(M\) is a Hamiltonian \(G\)-manifold, the map \(\kappa\) is studied and, if \(G\) is a torus, the existence of a moment map, such that its vertices are integer lattice point is shown (Theorem 11, Corollary 12). By using this fact, the equation \[ \kappa(\psi)= {\chi(v_I)(g_1)\over\dim{\mathcal Q}_I},\quad{\mathcal Q}_I= \text{Ker}((\overline D+\overline D^*)|_{\Omega^{0,0}}), \] where \(I\) is the \(G\)-invariant, compatible almost complex structure on \((M,\omega)\), is proved (Theorem~16). \(\kappa(\psi)\) in a coadjoint orbit \({\mathcal O}\) is studied in \S4. The coadjoint action of \(G\) on \({\mathfrak g}^*\) is defined by \[ (g\cdot\eta)(A)= \eta(g^{-1}\cdot A),\quad\eta\in{\mathfrak g}^*,\quad A\in{\mathfrak g}. \] Then \({\mathcal O}\) is identified with \(G/G_\eta\), where \(G_\eta\) is the isotropy subgroup of \(\eta\). Then it is shown that the action of \(G\) is prequantizable (Corollary 19). After these preparations, Theorem 21 is proved. As an example, if \({\mathcal O}= \text{U}(n)/\text{U}(n_1)\times\cdots\times \text{U}(n_k)\omega\), with the character \(\Lambda\) of \(G_\eta= \prod_j\text{U}(n_j)\) defined by \[ \Lambda(A_1,\dots, A_k)= \prod^k_{j=1} (\text{det}(A_j))^{m_j}, \] and \(\psi\) is the loop in \(\text{Ham}({\mathcal O}_\eta)\) defined by a family \(\{g_t\in \text{U}(n)\}\), with \(g_0= I_0\) and \(g_1= zI_n\), then \[ \kappa(\psi)= z^a,\quad a= \sum_j m_j n_j, \] is shown (Proposition 22). It is also remarked that the invariant \(\kappa\) of a Hamiltonian flow in \(S^2\) computed in [1] is also computed here applying Theorem 21 (it is noted that this example was calculated in [\textit{M. Schwarz}, Pac. J. Math. 193, No. 2, 419--461 (2000; Zbl 1023.57020)], example 3.6).