The strong Macdonald conjecture and Hodge theory on the loop Grassmannian (Q2389114)

Let \(\mathfrak g\) be the Lie algebra of a reductive group \(G\). The authors prove the strong Macdonald constant term conjecture of \textit{P.~Hanlon} [Invent. Math. 86, 131--159 (1986; Zbl 0604.17007)] and \textit{B.~Feigin} [Sel. Math. Sov. 7, No. 1, 49--62 (1988; Zbl 0657.17009)] describing the cohomology groups of the Lie algebras \(\mathfrak g[z]/z^n\) of truncated polynomials with values in a reductive algebra \(\mathfrak g\) and of graded Lie algebra \(\mathfrak g[z,s]\) of \(\mathfrak g\)-valued skew polynomials in an even variable \(z\) and an odd variable \(s\). In a geometric reformulation, they prove that the Dolbeault cohomology \(H^q (X; \Omega^p)\) of the loop Grassmannian \(X\) is freely generated by de Rham's form on the disk associated to the indecomposables of \(H^\bullet (BG)\). Equating the two Euler characteristics yields an identity, which generalizes Ramanujan's \(_1 \psi_1\) sum and was independently known to Macdonald. For simply laced root systems at level 1, the authors also find a strong form of Bailey's \(_4 \psi_4\) sum. Failure of Hodge decomposition implies the singularity of \(X\) and of the algebraic loop groups.