Voronovskaja's theorem and iterations for complex Bernstein polynomials in compact disks (Q2390729)

Given an analytic function \(f\) in \(D_R=\{z:|z|<R\}\), \(R>1\), the Bernstein polynomial is \(B_n(f)(z)=\sum_{k=0}^n \binom{n}{k}z^k(1-z)^{n-k}f(k/n)\). It is then proved that \(E_n(z)=B_n(f)(z)-f(z)-z(1-z)f''(z)/(2n)\) is bounded by \(5|z(1-z)|/n^2\cdot M(f)\) in the closure of \(D_1\), and by \(2.5(1+r)^2/n^2\cdot M_r(f)\) in the closure of \(D_r\), \(r<1\), where the constants \(M(f)\) and \(M_r(f)\) are finite. An iterated Bernstein polynomial is of the form \(B_n^{(m)}(f)(z)=B_n[B_n^{(m-1)}(f)](z)\) with \(B_n^{(1)}(f)=B_n(f)\). For an appropriate metric, which is equivalent to uniform convergence on compact subsets of \(|z|<R\), \(R>1\), several convergence results are given. For example, \(B_n^{(m)}(f)\to B_1(f)\) for \(m\to\infty\), while if \(\lim_{n\to\infty}m_n/n=0\), then \(B_n^{(m_n)}(f)\to f\), and an error bound is given. Also results for \(\lim_{n\to\infty}m_n/n\) nonzero or infinite are given. The last section proves that for an \(f\) which is analytic in a region \(G\) containing the closed unit disk, under certain technical conditions, the \(B_n^{(m)}(f)\) preserve certain properties of \(f\) like univalence, starlikeness (\(\text{Re\,}(zf'(z)/f(z))>0\)), convexity (\(\text{Re\,}(zf''(z)/f(z))>-1\)), and spirallikeness (\(\text{Re\,}(e^{i\gamma}zf'(z)/f(z))>0\)) in the closed unit disk for \(n\) sufficiently large.