On the average number of octahedral newforms of prime level (Q2391097)

A holomorphic cuspidal newform of weight 1 is called octahedral if the image in \(\text{PGL}_2({\mathbb C})\) of the associated Galois representation is the symmetric group \(S_4\). Let \(N_{\text{oct}}^{\text{prime}}(X)\) be the number of octahedral forms having prime level less than \(X\). The authors prove that \[ N_{\text{oct}}^{\text{prime}}(X)=O\biggl(\frac{X}{\log X}\biggr). \] Say that a number is \textit{good} if it is either prime or if it is a product of odd primes which are congruent to 2 modulo 3. Let \(N_{\text{oct}}^{\text{good}}(X)\) be the number of octahedral forms having good level less than \(X\). Then \[ N_{\text{oct}}^{\text{good}}(X)=O(X^{1+\varepsilon}). \]