A characterization of bi-Lipschitz embeddable metric spaces in terms of local bi-Lipschitz embeddability (Q2391567)

This paper gives a characterization of uniformly perfect, complete doubling metric spaces that embed bi-Lipschitzly into Euclidean spaces. Theorem. A uniformly perfect complete metric space \((X, d)\) admits a bi-Lipschitz embedding into some Euclidean space if and only if the following conditions hold: (1) it supports a doubling measure \(\mu\), (2) there exists a closed subset \(Y\) of \(X\) which admits a bi-Lipschitz embedding into some \(\mathbb R^{M_{1}}\), (3) \(\Omega=X\setminus Y\) admits uniformly Christ-local bi-Lipschitz embeddings into some \(\mathbb R^{M_{2}}\).\newline The bi-Lipschitz constant and dimension of receiving Euclidean space depend on the data of the metric space \(X\), the doubling constant of \(\mu\), \(M_{1}\), \(M_{2}\) and the bi-Lipschitz constants in conditions \((2)\) and \((3)\). A domain is said to admit uniformly Christ-local bi-Lipschitz embeddings if there exist bi-Lipschitz embeddings of certain Christ-Whitney cubes with uniform bi-Lipschitz constants. The techniques used involve a passage from local to global information, building on work of Christ and McShane, and a verification of a Lipschitz condition for the inverse function, which splits into large-scale and local cases. The cases are distinguished by a relative distance associated to a Whitney-type decomposition. The author proves that if the Whitney cubes embed uniformly and if the complement also embeds, then so does the whole space. As an application of Theorem 1, the author proves that the Grushin plane equipped with Carnot-Carathéodory distance admits a bi-Lipschitz embedding into some Euclidean space. This is the first example of a sub-Riemannian manifold that embeds bi-Lipschitzly into Euclidean space.