Statistics of the Jacobians of hyperelliptic curves over finite fields (Q2391600)

Let \(C\) be a smooth projective curve of genus \(g \geq 1\) over a finite field \(\mathbb{F}_q\) and denote by \(\#J_C\) the order of the Jacobian of \(C\) over \(\mathbb{F}_q\). The present article contains two major contributions. First assume that the function field \(\mathbb{F}_q(C)\) is a geometric Galois extension of the rational function field \(\mathbb{F}_q(X)\) with \(N=\# \mathrm{Gal}(\mathbb{F}_q(C)/\mathbb{F}_q(X))\). Then \[ |\log \#J_C - g \log q| \leq (N-1) \left(\log \max\left\{1,\frac{\log(7g/(N-1))}{\log q}\right\}+3\right). \] This bound is significantly smaller than the one which could be derived from [\textit{I. Shparlinski}, Bull. Braz. Math. Soc. (N.S.) 39, No. 4, 587--595 (2008 ; Zbl 1183.11033)]. The second part analyzes the statistic distribution of \(\#J_C\) as \(C\) varies over a large family of hyperelliptic curves of genus \(g\). When \(g\) is fixed and \(q \to \infty\), the limiting distribution is predicted by the general theory of \textit{N. M. Katz} and \textit{P. Sarnak} [Random matrices, Frobenius eigenvalues, and monodromy. Colloquium Publications. 45. Providence, RI: AMS (1999; Zbl 0958.11004)]. When \(q\) is fixed and \(g \to \infty\) the authors obtain the limiting distribution in the same spirit as [\textit{P. Kurlberg} and \textit{Z. Rudnick}, J. Number Theory 129, No. 3, 580--587 (2009; Zbl 1221.11141)], [\textit{D. Faifman} and \textit{Z. Rudnick}, Compos. Math. 146, No. 1, 81--101 (2010; Zbl 1245.14022)] and [\textit{A. Bucur}, Int. Math. Res. Not. 2010, No. 5, 932--967 (2010; Zbl 1201.11063)]. A heuristic explanation of the formula can also be found in the paper.