Linearisations of triangulated categories with respect to finite group actions (Q2391641)

If \(\mathcal{C}\) is any category and \(G\) is a group, a weak action of \(G\) on \(\mathcal{C}\) is the assignment of an autoequivalence \(g^{*}\) of \(\mathcal{C}\) to any \(g\in G\) so that for every \(g,h\in G\) there is an isomorphism of functors \(c_{g,h}\) between \(g^{*}h^{*}\) and \(h^{*}g^{*}\). If the \(c_{g,h}\) satisfy an associativity condition, we say that \(G\) acts on \(\mathcal{C}\). A linearization of \(C\in\mathcal{C}\) is a collection of morphisms \(\lambda_{g}:C\longrightarrow g^{*}C\) for every \(g\in G\), such that \(\lambda_{1}=\mathrm{id}_{C}\) and \(\lambda_{gh}=h^{*}(\lambda_{g})\lambda_{h}\). The natural notion of morphism between two linearized objects provides the category of linearized objects \(\mathcal{C}^{G}\) (whose objects are pairs \((C,(\lambda_{g}))\) where \(C\in\mathcal{C}\) and \((\lambda_{g})\) is a linearization. It is not difficult to see that if \(\mathcal{C}\) is abelian, then \(\mathcal{C}^{G}\) is abelian too whenever \(G\) acts on \(\mathcal{C}\) by exact autoequivalences. Anyway, it is not clear if the same result is true if \(\mathcal{C}\) is a triangulated category, and there is no straightforward way to give \(\mathcal{C}^{G}\) a triangulated structure. The purpose of the present paper is to show that if \(\mathcal{T}\) is the homotopy category of some DG-category, then the problem can be solved. Recall that a DG-category over a field \(K\) is a \(K-\)linear additive category \(\mathcal{A}\) such that for any two \(X,Y\in\mathcal{A}\) the space \(\Hom(X,Y)\) is a complex, the composition of morphisms is a chain map, and the identity morphism is closed and of degree 0. An easy proof shows that if \(\mathcal{A}\) is a DG-category and \(G\) acts on \(\mathcal{A}\), then \(\mathcal{A}^{G}\) is again a DG-category. Now, starting from a DG-category, one can construct a triangulated category. First, if \(\mathcal{A}\) is a DG-category, the homotopy category of \(\mathcal{A}\) is the category \(H^{0}(\mathcal{A})\) whose objects are those of \(\mathcal{A}\), and the set of morphisms between two objects \(X\) and \(Y\) is the cohomology in degree 0 of the complex \(\Hom_{\mathcal{A}}(X,Y)\). Moreover, the pretriangulated hull of \(\mathcal{A}\) is a category \(\mathcal{A}^{\mathrm{pretr}}\) whose objects are formal expressions of the form \((\bigoplus_{i=1}^{n}C_{i}[r_{i}],(q_{ij}))\), where \(C_{i}\in\mathcal{A}\), \(n\geq 0\), \(r_{i}\in\mathbb{Z}\) and \(q_{ij}\in \Hom(C_{i},C_{j})[r_{i}-r_{j}]\) is homogeneous of degree 1. Moreover, we ask for \(q_{ij}=0\) if \(i\geq j\) and for \(dq+q^{2}=0\). The category \(\mathcal{A}\) is said to be pretriangulated if the natural fully faithful functor \(\Psi:\mathcal{A}\longrightarrow\mathcal{A}^{\mathrm{pretr}}\) is a quasi-equivalence. The homotopy category \(\mathcal{A}^{tr}\) of the pretriangulated hull of \(\mathcal{A}\) is always triangulated. Now, an action of \(G\) on a DG-category \(\mathcal{A}\) extends naturally to an action on \(\mathcal{A}^{\mathrm{pretr}}\). If \(\mathcal{T}\) is the homotopy category of a pretriangulated DG-category \(\mathcal{A}\) and \(G\) acts on \(\mathcal{A}\), the author defines the linearization of \(T\) by \(G\) as the triangulated category \(\mathcal{T}^{G}_{\mathcal{A}}\) which is the homotopy category of \((\mathcal{A}^{G})^{\mathrm{pretr}}\). It is not clear if this construction depends on \(\mathcal{A}\) (i. e. if two different enhancements give different linearizations or not). In section 4 the author deals with the particular case of \(\mathcal{T}=D^{b}(X)\), the derived category of a smooth projective variety (or smooth stack) \(X\) over which a finite group \(G\) acts. The category \(\mathcal{T}\) is the homotopy category of the pretriangulated DG-category \(\mathcal{A}\) of bounded-below complexes of injective sheaves with bounded coherent cohomology. The author shows that given an injective sheaf \(\mathcal{F}'=(\mathcal{F},\lambda_{g})\) on the quotient stack \([X/G]\), the pull-back of \(\mathcal{F}'\) under the quotient morphism is an injective sheaf on \(X\). Using this, the author shows that \(D^{b}(X)^{G}\) is equivalent (as a triangulated category) to \(D^{b}[X/G]\). As an application, the author studies linearizations with respect to a torsion canonical bundle, and linearizations on the category generated by spherical objects.