Shifted fourth moment of the Riemann zeta-function (Q2392028)

Define \[ \Psi(\lambda,T)=\int_0^T| \zeta(\tfrac12+it)\zeta(\tfrac12+i(t+\lambda))| ^2\,dt. \] For \(\lambda\) of order \((\log T)^{-1}\) this has been investigated by various authors, for example \textit{H.~Kösters} [J.\ Number Theory 130, No. ~11, 2596--2609 (2010; Zbl 1204.11153)]. The present paper is interested in larger values of \(\lambda\), and shows that \[ \Psi(\lambda,T)=\frac{6}{\pi^2}\big((\lambda\log T)^2 +2\cos(\lambda\log T)-2\big)(1+O(\lambda^{-2})) \] uniformly for real \(\lambda\ll(\log T)^{-1/2}\). For larger values, with \(\lambda\ll\exp(\log T)^{3/8-\delta})\) it is shown that \[ \Psi(\lambda,T)=\frac{6}{\pi^2}| \zeta(1+i\lambda)| ^2(\log T)^2(1+O((\log T)^{-c(\lambda)})), \] with various positive constants \(c(\lambda)\in(0,1)\), depending on the size of \(\lambda\).