On Laplace continuity (Q2392511)

In a recent book, [\textit{S. N. Mukhopadhyay}, Higher order derivatives. Monographs and Surveys in Pure and Applied Mathematics 144. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press (2012; Zbl 1247.26004)], the author included a section on Laplace derivatives but much of the background for this concept was unknown. This paper fills in some of the gaps. A function is said to be Laplace continuous at \(x\) if both of the limits \[ \lim_{s\to \infty}s\int_0^{\delta}e^{-st}\bigl(f(x\pm tx) -f(x)\bigr){\text d}t, \] (integrals throughout are the Kurzweil-Henstock-Perron-special Denjoy integral), exist with value \(0\); it is said to be Laplace derivable at \(x\) if both of the limits \[ \lim_{s\to \infty}(\pm s^2)\int_0^{\delta}e^{-st}\bigl(f(x\pm tx) -f(x)\bigr){\text d}t \] exist and are equal, the value is the the first Laplace derivative of \(f\) at \(x\), \(\mathrm{LD}_1f(x)\); if then both of the limits \[ \lim_{s\to \infty}s^3\int_0^{\delta}e^{-st}\bigl(f(x\pm tx) -f(x)\mp t\mathrm{LD}_1f(t)\bigr){\text d}t \] exist and are equal the common value is the second Laplace derivative of \(f\) at \(x\), \(\mathrm{LD}_2f(x)\). It is shown that these definitions do not depend on the value of \( \delta\). All these concepts are shown to generalise the standard concepts. If \(f\) is integrable with primitive \(F\) and Laplace continuous at \(x\) then \(\mathrm{LD}_1F(x)=f(x)\). If \(\mathrm{LD}_1f\) exists on an interval then it is both Darboux and Baire-1. It is easy to define upper and lower Laplace derivates and a monotonity theorem is proved using these derivates. This well written paper contains may other interesting results.