Symplectic birational transformations of the plane (Q2393589)

Consider the so-called Cremona Group, i.e., the group \(\mathrm{Cr}_2\) of birational maps \(\mathbb C^2\dashrightarrow \mathbb C^2\), or equivalently \(\mathbb P^2\dashrightarrow \mathbb P^2\), where \(\mathbb P^2\) denotes the complex projective plane; for example the map \(P:(x,y)\dashrightarrow (y,(y+1)/x)\) belongs to \(\mathrm{Cr}_2\). In the paper under review the author consider the subgroup \(Symp\) of \(\mathrm{Cr}_2\) made up of birational maps preserving the rational differential form \(dx\wedge dy/xy\); note that \(\mathrm{SL}(2,\mathbb Z)\) and \(\mathbb (C^*)^2\) may be realized as subgroups of \(\mathrm{Cr}_2\) by means of birational maps of the form (respectively) \[ (x,y)\dashrightarrow (x^ay^b,x^cy^d), \;\;\text{and}\;\;(x,y)\dashrightarrow (\alpha x,\beta y), \;a,b,c,d\in\mathbb Z, \alpha,\beta\in\mathbb C^*. \] This paper contains a geometric description of the elements in \(Symp\) thought as birational maps of \({\mathbb P}^2\) and two main results which was conjectured by \textit{A. Usnich} [``Symplectic automorphisms of \(\mathbb{C}\mathbb{P}^2\) and the Thompson group \(T\)'', \url{arxiv:math/0611604}]. In the first main result the author proves that \(Symp\) is generated by \(\mathrm{SL}(2,\mathbb Z)\), \((\mathbb C^*)^2\) and the map \(P\) defined above. In the second one he proves that the subgroup \(H=\langle \mathrm{SL}(2,\mathbb Z), P\rangle\) of \(Symp\) may be generated by \(P\) and two suitable elements \(C,I\in \mathrm{SL}(2,\mathbb Z)\) with the relations \(I^4=C^3=[C,I^2]=P^5=1, PCP=I\).