Lie algebroid cohomology as a derived functor (Q2397557)

The author shows in this paper that the Lie cohomology for a Lie algebroid over a noetherian separated scheme can be obtained as a derived functor. He then implements this rather general result to obtain two spectral sequences: an Hochschild-Serre type of spectral sequence and a local-to-global type one. The notion of a Lie algebroid has been of extensive use in mathematics, especially for questions related to the ``higher'' versions of the notion of a Lie algebra: Lie algebroids correspond to infinitesimal Lie groupoids, which are internal groupoids in the category of smooth manifolds. On the algebraic side, the notion of a Lie-Rinehart algebra encodes the same properties of a Lie algebroid: they correspond to Lie algebroids over affine schemes. For general (non affine) schemes Lie algebroids are obtained by gluing along affine patches local Lie-Rinehart algebras. The most remarkable example of a Lie algebroid over a scheme \(X\) is given by the Atiyah algebroid associated with a coherent \(\mathcal{O}_X\)-module \(\mathcal{E}\) determined by the sheaf of first-order differential operators on \(\mathcal{E}\). For Lie algebroids there is an analogue construction of the Chevalley-Eilenberg complex, defined in a similar fashion as for Lie algebras, that computes and defines Lie algebroid cohomology. However, the expert knows that Lie algebra cohomology can be defined, more canonically, as the derived functor of the functor of invariants. Even more canonically, Lie algebra cohomology is computed by the \(\mathrm{Ext}\) groups in category of module over the (non commutative) enveloping algebra of a Lie algebra. The Chevalley-Eilenberg complex appears only when an actual computation is implemented for a special resolution, known as the Bar resolution. A similar approach is followed by the author for Lie algebroid cohomology: he shows with rather basic homological algebra techniques that the such cohomology can be computed as the derived functor of the functor of invariants and, relying on the construction of the enveloping algebra for a Lie algebroid [\textit{I. Moerdijk} and \textit{J. Mrčun}, Proc. Am. Math. Soc. 138, No. 9, 3135--3145 (2010; Zbl 1241.17014)], he shows that it is also computed by the \(\mathrm{Ext}\) groups in the category of modules such algebra. A crucial step in the proof is the existence of a particular projective resolution of the local ring \(\mathcal{O}_{X,x}\) due to \textit{G. S. Rinehart} [Trans. Am. Math. Soc. 108, 195--222 (1963; Zbl 0113.26204)] which allows him to show the main result of this paper. The author then provides two nice applications of this general statement: first, he shows that an Hochschild-Serre spectral sequence can be obtained quite naturally from this general approach and, second, that a local-to-global spectral sequence exists for Lie algebroid cohomology. The proof presented appear to be correct. The significance of the results presented should be framed in terms of providing a nice complement to a rather established theory. It is moreover interesting to notice that the result holds for a quite general category of schemes without needing, for instance, any smoothness assumptions. Possible follow ups of this work could be to establish a similar result for the homology theory and understand how this result could be useful to study objects related to Lie algebroids on singular varieties.