Power-normed spaces (Q2399558)

Let \(E\) be a normed space. A sequence \((\left\|\cdot\right\|_n: n\in\mathbb N)\) of norms on \(E^n\) for each \(n\in\mathbb N\) is called a power-norm based on \(E\) if \(\left\|\cdot\right\|_1\) agrees with the given norm on \(E\) and if the following axioms are satisfied: {\parindent=0.9cm\begin{itemize}\item[(P1)] \(\left\|(x_{\sigma(1)}, \dots, x_{\sigma(n)})\right\|_n=\left\|\mathbf x\right\|_n\), \item[(P2)] \(\left\|(x_1, \dots, x_n, 0)\right\|_{n+1}=\left\|\mathbf x\right\|_n\), \item[(P3)] \(\left\|(\alpha_1x_1,\dots,\alpha_nx_n)\right\|_n\leq(\max_{1\leq i\leq n}\left|\alpha_i\right|)\left\|\mathbf x\right\|_n\) \end{itemize}} for all \(n\in\mathbb N\), \(\mathbf x=(x_1,\dots,x_n)\in E^n\), \(\boldsymbol{\alpha}=(\alpha_1,\dots,\alpha_n)\in \mathbb C^n\) and \(\sigma\) a permutation on \(\{1,\dots,n\}\). Associated with each power-norm \((\left\|\cdot\right\|_n: n\in\mathbb N)\) based on \(E\), the author introduces two maximal symmetric sequence spaces \(L^E_\Phi\) and \(L^E_\Psi\) consisting of those sequences \((z_k)\) of scalars such that \[ \left\|(z_k)\right\|_{L^E_\Phi}:=\sup\left\{\left\|(z_1x,\dots,z_nx)\right\|_n: x\in E_{[1]},\;n\in\mathbb N\right\}<\infty, \] \[ \left\|(z_k)\right\|_{L^E_\Psi}:=\sup\left\{\left\|\sum_{j=1}^nz_jx_j\right\|: \left\|(x_1,\dots,x_n)\right\|_n\leq 1,\;n\in\mathbb N\right\}<\infty, \] respectively. He then defines a power-norm \((\left\|\cdot\right\|_n: n\in\mathbb N)\) based on \(E\) to be a \(p\)-power norm if \(L^E\Phi=\ell^p\) and \(L^E_\Psi=\ell^{p'}\), where \(p\in [1,\infty]\) and \(p'\) is its conjugate index. This new concept generalises the recent notions of multi-norms (introduced by \textit{H. G. Dales} and \textit{M. E. Polyakov} [Diss. Math. 488, 165 p. (2012; Zbl 1381.46020)]) and of \(p\)-multi-norm (introduced under a different name by \textit{P. Ramsden} [Semigroup Forum 79, No. 3, 515--530 (2009; Zbl 1213.43002)] and extensively studied in [\textit{H. G. Dales} et al., Diss. Math. 524, 115 p. (2017; Zbl 1380.46011)]). Moreover, many of the classical notions in Banach space theory, such as the \((p,q)\)-summing, \((p,q)\)-concave, the Rademacher power norms, or the \(t\)-standard power norms, are special cases of \(p\)-power norms. The author also introduces a related class of power-norms, called \(\ell^p\)-power norms, and the paper contains many interesting results that establish the connections between these new notions and the previous ones.