Asymptotic stability of the Cauchy and Jensen functional equations (Q2400101)

The aim of this paper is to investigate the asymptotic stability behavior of the Cauchy and Jensen functional equations. The results presented show that if these equations hold for large arguments with small error, then they are also valid everywhere with a new error term which is a constant multiple of the original error term. As consequences, they also obtain results of hyperstability type. The second section of the paper contains stability type results concerning the Cauchy as well as the Jensen equation. The authors prove the following result regarding the Cauchy equation (see Theorem 1. in the paper). \textbf{Theorem.} Let \((X, +, d)\) and \((Y, +, \rho)\) be metric abelian groups such that \(X\) is unbounded by \(d\). Let \(\varepsilon \geq 0\) and assume that \(f\colon X\to Y\) possesses the asymptotic stability property \[ \limsup_{\min \left\{\left\| x\right\|_{d}, \left\| y\right\|_{d}\right\} \to \infty} \left\| f(x+y)-f(x)-f(y)\right\|_{\rho} \leq \varepsilon, \tag{(1)} \] then \[ \left\| f(x+y)-f(x)-f(y)\right\|_{\rho}\leq 5\varepsilon \qquad \left(x, y\in X\right). \tag{(2)} \] Furthermore, provided that \((1)\) holds, the constant \(5\varepsilon\) is the smallest possible in \((2)\). After that a similar result is proved for the Jensen equation (here the optimal constant is \(4\varepsilon\)). The last section of the paper deals with the hyperstability of these equations. At first, the authors prove the following result for the Cauchy equation, and then they prove a similar result for the Jensen equation (cf. Theorems 5. and 6. in the paper). \textbf{Theorem.} Let \((X, +, d)\) and \((Y, +, \rho)\) be metric abelian groups such that \(2X\) is unbounded by \(d\). Let \(\mathbb{R}_{+}:= [0, +\infty[\) and \(\varphi\colon \mathbb{R}_{+}\to \mathbb{R}\) such that \(\lim_{t\to \infty}\varphi(t)=\infty\) and let \(f\colon X\to Y\) satisfy \[ \limsup_{\min \left\{\left\| x\right\|_{d}, \left\| y\right\|_{d}\right\} \to \infty}\varphi(\left\| x-y\right\|) \cdot \left\| f(x+y)-f(x)-f(y)\right\|_{\rho}\leq \infty, \] then \[ f(x+y)=f(x)+f(y) \qquad \left(x, y\in X\right). \]