Geometric polynomials: properties and applications to series with zeta values (Q2400114)

The authors study the geometric polynomials \[ w_{n,r}(x):=\sum_{0\leq k\leq n}\sum_{0\leq i\leq k} S(n, k)s(k, i)(-r)^{i}(-x)^{k}, \] where \(S(n, k)\) and \(s(k, i)\) are Stirling numbers of the first and second kind respectively. Making use of those polynomials, they prove several identities, involving Stirling numbers, Lah numbers, and special values of the Riemann zeta-function \(\zeta (s)\) and of the Hurwitz zeta-function \(\zeta (s, a)\). As an example, let us cite the following result : \[ \Gamma (r+1)\sum_{n=1}^{\infty}\frac{(n+r)!}{n!r!}n^{p}(\zeta (n+r+1) - 1)x^{n}= \] \[ \sum_{j=0}^{p} S(p, j)\Gamma (r+j+1)\zeta (r+j+1, 2-x)x^{j} \] for \(p\in\mathbb{Z},\;x\in\mathbb{C},\) and \(r\in\mathbb{R}\) such that \(p\geq 0,\;r\geq 0,\;r+p>0,\) and \(| x| <2\), where \(\Gamma (s)\) is the Euler gamma-function.