Adiabatic approximation for a model of cyclotron motion (Q2401649)

The paper deals with the system of two differential equations modelling the cyclotron motion of a charged relativistic particle in the field of an electromagnetic wave \[ \gamma \frac{d\gamma}{dt} =\partial_\psi Z(\gamma, \psi, \mathbf{p}), \;\gamma \frac{d\psi}{dt} = - \partial_\gamma Z(\gamma, \psi, \mathbf{p}), \;t > 0, \eqno(1) \] where \[ Z(\gamma, \psi, \mathbf{p}) = \frac{1}{2}(\gamma - \lambda)^2 + A(\gamma^2 + 2b\gamma - d)^{1/2}\sin \psi, \] \(b, d>0\) are fixed constants, the two-dimensional parameter \(\mathbf{p} = (\lambda, A)\) depends on the slow time \(\mathbf{p} = \mathbf{p}(\mu t), \;0 < \mu \ll 1.\) In the physical interpretation, the variable \(\gamma(t)\) is a relativistic factor which corresponds to the particle energy, \(\psi(t)\) is the angle between the vector of the particle momentum and the vector of the wave polarization in the projection on the plane of polarization. The small parameter \(\mu\) corresponds to a slow variation of the magnetic field and of the amplitude of the electromagnetic wave. Using adiabatic approximation, the author describes the set of initial date in the phase plane (the capture area) with resonance trajectories in which the angle \(\psi(t)\) is bounded and the energy \(\gamma(t)\) increases with \(t\). This approach is inapplicable if the parameter \(A\) is too small.