On the stability of tangent bundle on double coverings (Q2404091)

Let \(Y\) be a smooth projective surface defined over an algebraically closed field \(k\) with \(\text{char}\;k \not=2\), and let \(\pi:X \to Y\) be a double covering branched along a smooth curve \(B\). The author proves that if the tangent bundle \(\mathcal T_Y\) is semistable with respect to some ample line bundle \(\mathcal H \in \text{Pic}(Y)\), then \(\mathcal T_X\) is stable with respect to \(\pi^*\mathcal H\). Since the tangent bundle to the projective space is stable, this implies that \(\mathcal T_X\) is stable if \(\pi:X \to \mathbb P^2\) is a double covering as above. This applies in particular, when \(B\) is a smooth plane sextic, in which case \(X\) is a \(K3\) surface. Therefore, the tangent bundle of a general \(K3\) surface of degree \(2\) is stable, even in positive characteristic \(\not= 2\). Moreover, in the case \(\text{char}\;k=p > 2\), letting \(F\) denote the relative Frobenius morphism over \(k\), the author shows that \(F_*\) preserves semistability of torsion free sheaves of rank \(1\) on \(X\), provided that \(B\) has degree \(\geq 6\).