On a cross-section of an immersed sphere-link in 4-space (Q2405073)

An immersed sphere-link, or an immersed \(S^2\)-link, is the image of the disjoint union of several 2-spheres into the 4-space \(\mathbb{R}^4\) by a smooth immersion. For an immersed \(S^2\)-link \(L\), a cross-section of \(L\) is an oriented link \(l=L' \cap (\mathbb{R}^3 \times \{0\})\) in \(\mathbb{R}^3 \times \{0\}\), where \(L'\) is an immersed \(S^2\)-link equivalent to \(L\) such that there are no singularities of \(L'\) in \(\mathbb{R}^3 \times \{0\}\). \newline Let \(l\) be a cross-section of an immersed \(S^2\)-link \(L\). In this paper, the author investigates the following invariants of \(L\) or \(l\): the sum of the absolute values of pairwise linking numbers of \(l\), the local signature invariant \(s_J(l)\) of \(l\) for a subset \(J \subset [-1,1]\), the torsion Alexander polynomials and the reduced torsion Alexander polynomials of \(L\) and \(l\), and the \(\kappa\)-invariants of \(l\), \(L^{\pm}\) and \(L\), where \(L^-=L \cap (\mathbb{R}^3 \times (-\infty, 0])\) and \(L^+=L \cap (\mathbb{R}^3 \times [0, +\infty))\), from the viewpoints of the immersed link concordance and the quadratic form of a link. As a corollary, by considering the case of an embedded \(S^2\)-link, the author gives the Sphere-Slice Theorem, which includes the result that for a ribbon \(S^2\)-link \(L\), the torsion Alexander polynomial and the reduced torsion Alexander polynomial of a symmetric middle cross-section of \(L\) are invariants of \(L\). Further, the author considers symmetric construction of immersed \(S^2\)-links and gives examples of immersed ribbon \(S^2\)-links associated with an unlinking operation on certain links.