Large time asymptotics of Hamilton-Jacobi equations (Q2405336)

The entry surveys the work of \textit{F. Cagnetti} et al. [Ann. Inst. Henri Poincaré, Anal. Non Linéaire 32, No. 1, 183--200 (2015; Zbl 1312.35020)] including the surrounding literature. The authors study the long time behavior of solutions to \[ \begin{cases} u_t - \text{tr} \left(A(x) D^2 u \right)+ H\left(x,Du\right) & \text{ on } \mathbb{T}^n \times \mathbb{R}_{>0}, \\ u(\cdot,0) = u_0, & \end{cases} \] where \(u_0 \in W^{1,\infty}(\mathbb{T}^n)\). Here \(A : \mathbb{T}^n \to \text{Mat}^{n \times n}\) is symmetric, nonnegative definite with {\parindent=0.7cm\begin{itemize}\item[{\(\bullet\)}] \(H \in C^2\left(\mathbb{T}^n \times \mathbb{R}^n \right)\) \item[{\(\bullet\)}] \(D_{pp} H \geq \theta I >0\) \item[{\(\bullet\)}] \(\left|D_p H \right| \leq C\left(1 + |p|^2\right).\) \end{itemize}} Under these assumptions there exists a solution to the associated ergodic problem \[ -\text{tr}\left(A(x) D^2v\right) + H(x,Dv) = c \] such that \(u(x,t) - \left(v(x) - ct \right) \to 0\) as \(t \to \infty\). Convergence results for first order equations appeared in [\textit{G. Namah} and \textit{J.-M. Roquejoffre}, Commun. Partial Differ. Equations 24, No. 5--6, 883--893 (1999; Zbl 0924.35028); \textit{A. Fathi}, C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris Ser. I Math. 327, 267--270 (1997)]; convergence results for uniformly elliptic equations appeared in [\textit{G. Barles} and \textit{P. E. Souganidis}, SIAM J. Math. Anal. 31, No. 4, 925--939 (2000; Zbl 0960.70015)]. Here the authors apply the adjoint method of \textit{L. C. Evans} [Arch. Ration. Mech. Anal. 197, No. 3, 1053--1088 (2010; Zbl 1273.70030)] which focuses on the adjoint of the linearization \[ -\sigma_t - \text{tr}\left(A(x) D^2 \sigma \right) - \text{div} \left(\sigma D_p H(x,Du) \right) = 0 \] as a transport equation to the associated Hamiltonian system. The survey concludes with several further directions for research including time dependent Hamiltonians and weakly coupled systems. For the entire collection see [Zbl 1373.35006].