Well-posedness of hyperbolic systems with multiplicities and smooth coefficients (Q2405949)

Let \(k\geq 1\) and \(D\geq 3\) be integers. Let \(q>1\) be a real number. Let \(d_D\geq 1\) be an integer. For \(1\leq l\leq D-1\), let \(d_l,\delta_l\geq 1\) and \(\Lambda_l\geq 0\) be nonnegative integers such that \[ 1=\delta_1,\quad \delta_l< \delta_{l+1} \] for all \(1\leq l\leq D-2\) such that \[ \Delta_l\geq \delta_l,\quad {d_l\over k}+ 1\geq\delta_l,\quad {d_D\over k}+ 1>\delta_l \] for all \(1\leq l\leq D-1\). Let \(Q(x)\), \(R_l(X)\in C[X]\), \(1\leq l\leq D\) be polynomials such that \[ \deg(Q)\geq \deg(R_D)\geq \det(R_l),\;G(m)\neq 0,\;R_D(m)\neq 0 \] for all \(m\in \mathbb R\) and all \(1\leq l\leq D-1\). Consider the following Cauchy problem \[ \begin{gathered} Q(\partial_z)\sigma_{q,l} u(t,z,\varepsilon)= (\varepsilon t)^{d_0} \sigma_{q,t}^{d_0/k+1} R_D(\partial_z) u(t,z,\varepsilon)\\ +\sum^{D-1}_{l=1} \varepsilon^{\Delta_l} t^{d_l} \sigma^{\delta_l}_{q,l}(c_l(t,z, \varepsilon) R_l(\partial_z) u(t,z,\varepsilon))+ \sigma_{q,t}f(t, z,\varepsilon),\end{gathered}\tag{4} \] where \(si^\gamma_{q,l}\) acting on the \(t\) variable in the form \(t\to tq^\gamma\), where \(q>1\) is some positive real number, and \(\gamma\) are rational numbers and derivatives with respect to \(z\). Suppose that there exists an unbounded sector \[ S_{Q,R_)D}= \{z\in C;\,|z|\geq r_{Q,R_D},\,|\arg(z)- d_{Q,R_D}|\leq \eta_{Q,R_D}\} \] with direction \(d_{Q,R_D}\in R\), aperture \(\eta_{Q,R_D}>0\) for some radius \(r_{Q,D_D}>0\) such that \[ {Q(m)\over R_D}\in S_{Q,R_D} \] for all \(m\in \mathbb R\). -- The main results are as follows. Theorem 0.1 Suppose that the coefficients \(c_l(t,z,\varepsilon)\) and the forcing term \(f(t,z,\varepsilon)\) are given by the expression as \[ c_l(t,z,\varepsilon)= \sum_{n\geq 0} F^{-1}(m\to C_{l,n}(m,\varepsilon))(z)(\varepsilon t)^n \] and \[ f(t,z,\varepsilon)= \sum_{n\geq 0} F^{-1} (m\to F_n(m,\varepsilon))(z)(\varepsilon t)^n \] (here \(F^{-1}\) means the inverse of Fourier transform). Let \(\{E_p\}_{0\leq p\leq\zeta-1}\) be a given good covering in \(C^*\) for which a family \(\{(R_{\beta_p,\delta})_{0\leq p\leq\zeta-1},\,D(0,p),T\}\) associated to it can be considered. Then there exist a radius \(r_{q,R_D}>0\) large enough and constants \(\zeta_l,\zeta_\psi>0\) small enough such that if \[ \widetilde C_l\leq\zeta_l,\quad C_F\leq\zeta_\psi \] for all \(1\leq l\leq D-1\), then for every \(0\leq p\leq \zeta-1\) one can construct a solution \(u_p(t,z,\varepsilon)\) of (4) which defines a bounded holomorphic function on the domain \(T\times H_{\beta'}\times E_{\beta',p}\) for any given \(0<\beta'<\beta\). Moreover, there exist constants \(K^1_p\in \mathbb R\), \(K^2_p>0\) such that \[ \sup_{t\in T,z\in H_{\beta'}} |(u_{p+1}- u_p)(t,z,\varepsilon)|\leq K^2_p\exp\Biggl({k\over 2\log(q)}\log^2(|\varepsilon|)\Biggr) |\varepsilon|^{K^1_p} \] for all \(\varepsilon\in E_{p+1}\cup E_p\), for all \(0\leq p\leq \zeta-1\) (where by convention \(u_\zeta= u_0\)). Theorem 0.2 One can construct a formal power series \[ \widehat u(t,z,\varepsilon)= \sum_{m\geq 0} h_m(t,z){\varepsilon^m\over m!} \] solution of (4) with coefficients \(h_m(t,z)\) that belong to the Banach space \({\mathfrak F}\) of bounded holomorphic functions on \(T\times H_{\beta'}\) endowed with the sup norm and which is the common \(q\)-Gevrey asymptotic expansion of order \(1/k\) of the solution \(u_p(t,z,\varepsilon)\) of (4) viewed as holomorphic functions from \(E_p\) into \({\mathfrak F}\) for all \(0\leq p\leq\zeta-1\). Namely for all \(0\leq p\leq\zeta-1\) there exist two constants \(A_p\), \(C>0\) such that \[ \sup_{t\in T,z\in H_p} |u_p(t,z,\varepsilon)- \sum^n_{m=0} h_m(t,z) {\varepsilon^m\over m!}\;\Biggr|\;\leq C_p A^{n+1}_p q^{(n+ 1)n/(2k)}|\varepsilon|^{n+1} \] for all \(n\geq 0\), all \(\varepsilon\in E_p\).