\(p\)-harmonic functions and connectedness at infinity of complete submanifolds in a Riemannian manifold (Q2406449)

In the present work, motivated by the relationship between the space of harmonic functions and the geometry of submanifolds, the authors investigate the geometric structure of submanifolds by using the vanishing properties of \(p\)-harmonic functions and \(p\)-harmonic 1-forms with finite \(L^q\) energy for some \(p>1\) and \(q>0\). The main results of the paper are the following. 1. Let \(M^n\) be an \(n\)-dimensional complete orientable noncompact hypersurface in a complete manifold \(N\) with nonnegative sectional curvature, with \(2\leq n\leq6\). If the \(\delta\)-stability inequality holds on \(M\) for \(\frac{p\sqrt{n-1}}{8}<\delta\leq 1\), then \(M\) has only one \(p\)-nonparabolic end for \(p\geq1+\sqrt{n-1}\). 2. If \(M\) is an \(n\)-dimensional complete noncompact submanifold in a complete simply connected manifold \(N\) with sectional curvature \(K_N\) satisfying \(-k^2\leq K_N\leq0\) for some constant \(k\) and if the \(L^n\) norm of the traceless second fundamental form \(\phi\) of \(M\) is greater than some constant depending only on \(k,n,\|\phi\|_n\), then \(M\) has only one \(p\)-nonparabolic end. 3. Let \(M\) be an \(n\)-dimensional complete noncompact submanifold in a complete simply connected Riemannian manifold \(N\) with sectional curvature \(K_N\) satisfying \(K_N\leq-a^2<0\) for a positive constant \(a\). Let \(H\) denote the mean curvature vector of \(M\) in \(N\). If \(|H|\leq\alpha\) for some nonnegative constant \(\alpha<(n-1)a\), then the \(p\)-fundamental tone \(\lambda_{1,p}(M)\) satisfies \(\lambda_{1,p}(M)\geq\left(\frac{(n-1)a-\alpha}{p}\right)^p\).