A case of multivariate Birkhoff interpolation using high order derivatives (Q2406895)

Birkhoff polynomial interpolation problems in one and especially in several dimensions are a particularly useful approximation to approximands of various smoothness (differentiability). In this paper, Gil Goldman makes an interesting and successful approach to multivariate Birkhoff interpolation problems, where information is provided at distinct knots. This becomes especially remarkable as the number of derivatives varies at the different knots; they are directional derivatives in different directions provided at the mentioned knots. The only condition needed to render this Birkhoff interpolation problem solvable is that the dimension of the polynomial vector space from which the approximant should stem matches the number of pieces of information provided, this is an unsurprising necessary condition. However, the author shows in this article that this indeed is not only necessary but also sufficient for the regularity of the Birkhoff interpolation problem. In two dimensions the Birkhoff polynomial interpolation problem is regular for distinct directions, in all dimensions it is poised for general directions independently of the position of the knots.