Distances from the vertices of a regular simplex (Q2407006)

Let \(S\) be a regular \(d\)-simplex of edge length \(a\) in the \(d\)-dimensional Euclidean space \(E(d\geq 2)\), \(t_1,\dots,t_{d+1}\) the distances of an arbitrary point in \(E\) to the vertices of \(S\). The authors prove that the relation \[ (d+1)(a^4+t^4_1+\dots +t^4_{d+1})=(a^2+t^2_1+\dots +t ^2_{d+1})^2 \] is only the essentially relation that exists among \(t_1,\dots,t_{d+1}\). The paper is organized in six sections. The main theorem, Theorem 5.1, and its proof can be found in Section 5: if \(R[T_1,\dots,T_{d+1}]\) is the ring of polynomials over \(R\) of real number in the indeterminates \(T_1,\dots,T_{d+1}\) then the ideal generated by \[ F=(d+1)\left(a^4+\sum\limits_{j=1}^{d+1} T^4_j\right)-\left(a^2+\sum\limits^{d+1}_{j=1}T^2_j\right)^2 \] is the principal ideal of \(R[T_1,\dots,T_{d+1}]\). The proof of this theorem involve tools from analysis, algebra and geometry. In Sections 2, 3 and 4, the authors give the definitions of the terms and the theorems used. Section 2 establishes the irreducibility of a certain class of polynomials, Section 3 introduces the theorems from the theory of real analytic functions. Section 4 includes the height of an ideal, algebraic independence over a field, transcendence bases and degree of an extension, the Krull dimension of a ring etc. Section 6 contains a list of problems that may generate further research.