\(P\)-proper splittings (Q2407695)

For a complex square matrix \(A\), a decomposition \(A=B-C\), such that \(A\) and \(B\) have the same range space and the same null space, is called a proper splitting. Such a proper splitting is called a \(P\)-proper splitting if \(B^*+C\) is positive definite on the range space of \(B\). The author introduces and studies this notion. For a system of linear equations \(Ax=b\), a characterization for the convergence of an iterative method in obtaining the unique least squares solution is presented if the coefficient matrix \(A\) has a \(P\)-proper splitting. Sylvester's law of inertia is generalized. Certain comparison theorems are proved.