On categorical equivalence between formations of monounary algebras (Q2412960)

A class of algebraic structures is called a formation if it is closed under homomorphic images and finite direct products. The author deals with monounary algebras, specially with the at most countable monounary algebras $\mathcal A$ such that there is a finite set $P$ of positive integers such that each connected component is a $p$-element cycle for some $p\in P$. In this case, $\mathcal A$ is said to be a monounary algebra with finitely many cycles. \par Let $\mathcal{F}$ be a formation. Then $\mathrm{Alg}\mathcal{F}$ denotes the category with the set of objects $\mathcal{F}$ and the maps of the category are homomorphisms between objects. In the paper the following theorem is proved: Let $\mathcal{F}_1$ and $\mathcal{F}_2$ be nonempty formations of monounary algebras with finitely many cycles. Then the categories $\mathrm{Alg}\mathcal{F}_1$ and $\mathrm{Alg}\mathcal{F}_2$ are equivalent if and only if $\mathcal{F}_1=\mathcal{F}_2$.