Elimination of quotients in various localisations of premodels into models (Q2413124)

Summary: The contribution of this article is quadruple. It (1) unifies various schemes of premodels/models including situations such as presheaves/sheaves, sheaves/flabby sheaves, prespectra/\(\Omega\)-spectra, simplicial topological spaces/(complete) Segal spaces, pre-localised rings/localised rings, functors in categories/strong stacks and, to some extent, functors from a limit sketch to a model category versus the homotopical models for the limit sketch; (2) provides a general construction from the premodels to the models; (3) proposes technics that allow one to assess the nature of the universal properties associated with this construction; (4) shows that the obtained localisation admits a particular presentation, which organises the structural and relational information into bundles of data. This presentation is obtained via a process called an \textit{elimination of quotients} and its aim is to facilitate the handling of the relational information appearing in the construction of higher dimensional objects such as weak \((\omega, n)\)-categories, weak \(\omega\)-groupoids and higher moduli stacks.