Homoclinic solutions for singular Hamiltonian systems without the strong force condition (Q2414756)

In [\textit{K. Tanaka}, Ann. Inst. Henri Poincaré, Anal. Non Linéaire 7, No. 5, 427--438 (1990; Zbl 0712.58026)], the following second-order Hamiltonian system was considered \[ \ddot{q}+V'(q)=0~,~q=(q_1,q_2,\dots,q_N), \] where $V:\mathbb{R}^N\setminus\{e\} \to \mathbb{R}$ is a potential with a singularity, i.e., $|V(q)|\to\infty$ as $q\to e.$ Under the assumptions of the strong force condition of \textit{W. B. Gordon} [Trans. Am. Math. Soc. 204, 113--135 (1975; Zbl 0276.58005)] and the uniqueness of a global maximum of $V$, the existence of a homoclinic orbit was proven. \par In this paper, a class of potentials $V$ satisfying some assumptions is considered. One of the assumptions is formally very similar to the strong force condition and concerns the behavior of the potential at infinity. Also, $V$ has a strict global maximum at $0$ and a singularity at the point $e\not=0$ such that $V(q)\to -\infty$ as $q\to e.$ Two main results are proven. First, under the considered assumptions the above-mentioned system has at least one (nontrivial) generalized homoclinic solution. The second result gives the existence of non-collision homoclinic solutions and generalized homoclinic solutions for weak force potentials. These weak potentials behave like $-\frac{1}{|q-e|^\alpha}$ near $q = e$ with $\alpha\in ]0, 2[$ and they do not satisfy the strong force condition.