The combinatorics of Lehn's conjecture (Q2414895)

For a rank-\(r\) vector bundle \(V\) on a smooth projective surface \(S\), there exists a tautological rank-\(rn\) bundle \(V^{[n]}\) on the Hilbert scheme \(S^{[n]}\) which parametrizes length-\(n\) \(0\)-dimensional closed subschemes of \(S\). In this paper, the authors study the top Segre class of the tautological bundle \(V^{[n]}\). When \(r = 1\) (i.e., \(V\) is a line bundle), a closed formula is obtained for the series \[ \sum_{n = 0}^\infty z^n \int_{S^{[n]}} s_{2n}(V^{[n]}), \] confirming a conjecture of \textit{M. Lehn} [Invent. Math. 136, No. 1, 157--207 (1999; Zbl 0919.14001)]. The idea of the proof is to verify the vanishing of certain coefficients of special power series. Moreover, for an arbitrary rank \(r \ne 1\), the authors propose two conjectures regarding the series \[ \sum_{n = 0}^\infty z^n \int_{S^{[n]}} c_{2n}(V^{[n]}). \] Parallel results for the tautological bundles over the symmetric product of a smooth projective curve (viewed as the Hilbert schemes of points on the curve) are also proved.