On distribution of elements of subgroups in arithmetic progressions modulo a prime (Q2423210)

Let $\mathcal{F}_p$ be the field of residue classes modulo a large prime number $p$, $\mathcal{G}$ be a subgroup of $\mathcal{F}^*_p$ and let $\mathcal{I} + \{ L+1, \dots, L+N \} \pmod{p}$ be an a set with $N = |\mathcal{I}| < p$ elements, where $|X|$ is the cardinality of set $X$. The following two interesting theorems are proved. Theorem 1. For any $x_0 \in\mathcal{F}^*_p$ and for any fixed constant $\varepsilon > 0$: \[ |x_0\mathcal{G} \cap \mathcal{I}| = (1 + O(p^{-\varepsilon/2})) \frac{|\mathcal{G}|.|\mathcal{I}|}{p} + O(R) \] holds, where \[ R = \left (\mathcal{I}^{1/2} + \mathcal{G}^{1/2} + \frac{|\mathcal{I}|^{1/2}.|\mathcal{G}|^{3/8}}{p^{1/8}} \right ) p^{\varepsilon}. \] Let $d$ be a natural number, $\lambda$ be an integer coprime to $p$ and let $T_p(d, \lambda,\mathcal{I} )$ be the number of solutions to the congruence \[ x^d \equiv \lambda \pmod{p} \] for $x \in\mathcal{I}$. Theorem 2. If $d|\mathcal{I}| < p$, then \[ T_p(d, \lambda, \mathcal{I} ) \precsim p^{1/3-1/390}. \]