The unitary extension principle on locally compact abelian groups (Q2424621)

The main purpose of this paper is to generalize the well-known unitary extension principle for constructing tight wavelet frames from Euclidean spaces to locally compact abelian groups equipped with a nested sequence of lattices. Typical examples of such locally compact abelian groups are \(\mathbb{R}^s\), \(\mathbb{T}\), \(\mathbb{Z}\) and \(\mathbb{Z}_N\). This study allows the authors to unify all these special cases under the framework of locally compact abelian groups. The main result is Theorem 3.5 says that if the unitary extension principle in (3.11) for a locally compact abelian group is satisfied, then the frequency domain system in (3.21) forms a tight frame for \(L^2(\hat{G})\) in the frequency domain, where \(\hat{G}\) is the dual group of a given locally compact abelian group \(G\). Because the system is presented in the frequency domain, the resulting frames are generated by modulates of a collection of functions; via the Fourier transform this corresponds to a generalized shift-invariant system in the spatial domain \(L^2(G)\). The authors also provide several examples of tight wavelet frames, based on B-splines on the group itself as well as characteristic functions on the dual group for some typical locally compact abelian groups such as \(\mathbb{R}^s\), \(\mathbb{T}\), \(\mathbb{Z}\) and \(\mathbb{Z}_N\). The reviewer would like to take this opportunity to point out that the results and their proofs in this paper are related to the frequency-based approach in the Euclidean spaces in [(1) \textit{B. Han}, Appl. Comput. Harmon. Anal. 29, No. 3, 330--353 (2010; Zbl 1197.42021); (2) ibid. 32, No. 2, 169--196 (2012; Zbl 1241.42028); (3) Math. Model. Nat. Phenom. 8, No. 1, 18--47 (2013; Zbl 1268.42073)]. \par In fact, the system in (3.21) of Theorem 3.5 studied in this paper is called the frequency-based nonhomogeneous affine/wavelet system in the above papers (1) and (2). A more general version of Theorem 3.5 for the Euclidean spaces in the frequency domain for both stationary and nonstationary cases is known in Section 4 of (1) and in corollary 12 and theorem 17 of (2). Moreover, the wavelets and framelets in \(\ell^2(\mathbb{Z})\) are well studied in (3), where the corresponding wavelet systems in (3.21) for \(\ell^2(\mathbb{Z})\) are called discrete affine systems in Section 4.3 of (3). Hence, a few examples of tight frames in \(\ell^2(\mathbb{Z})\) in this paper fall into the framework on discrete affine systems in (3).