Atiyah-Drinfeld-Hitchin-Manin construction of framed instanton sheaves (Q2427227)

The author recalls the well-known relations between instantons on \(S^4\) and certain holomorphic vector bundles on \(\mathbb{P}^3\) (ADHM), and certain framed holomorphic bundles on \(\mathbb{P}^2\) (Donaldson). Motivated by this, \textit{C. Okonek} and \textit{H. Spindler} [J. Reine Angew. Math. 364, 35--50 (1986; Zbl 0568.14009)] defined \textit{mathematical instanton bundles} on \(\mathbb{P}^{2k+1}\). The author extended this notion to more general \textit{instanton sheaves} in a previous paper [Collect. Math. 57, No. 1, 69--91 (2006; Zbl 1095.14040)]: For \(n\geq2\), an \textit{instanton sheaf} on \(\mathbb{P}^n\) is a torsion-free coherent sheaf \(E\) with \(c_1(E)=0\) subject to certain cohomological conditions, and the value \(c = -\chi\bigl(E(-1)\bigr) = h^1\bigl(E(-1)\bigr)\) is called the \textit{charge of \(E\)}. Okonek's and Spindler's instanton bundles are then just rank-\(2k\) locally free instanton sheaves on \(\mathbb{P}^{2k+1}\) which are trivial over some line \(\ell \subset \mathbb{P}^{2k+1}\). Additionally, any torsion-free sheaf \(E\) is defined to be \textit{framed at a line \(\ell\)} if \(E_\ell\) is trivial and a trivialisation \(\phi\colon E_\ell \to \mathcal{O}_\ell^{\operatorname{rk}E}\) is fixed. In the present short paper, the author constructs instanton sheaves on \(\mathbb{P}^{d+2} = \bigl\{[z_0:\dotso:z_d:x:y]\bigr\}\) explicitly from certain \(d\)-dimensional ADHM data, which may be classified as \[ \text{semi-stable} \subseteq \text{stable} \subseteq \text{semi-regular} \subseteq \text{regular}. \] The main result is that such an instanton sheaf \(E\) is framed at the line at infinity \(\ell_\infty = \{z_0 = \dotsb = z_d = 0\}\) if and only if the ADHM datum is stable, reflexive if and only if the datum is semi-regular, and finally locally free if and only if the datum is regular. The explicit construction of framed torsion-free instanton sheaves on \(\mathbb{P}^n\) of rank \(r\) and charge \(c\) as stable solutions of certain ADHM equations gives a description of their moduli space \(\mathcal{F}_{\mathbb{P}^n}(r,c)\); for instance it is a non-empty quasi-projective variety for any \(n \geq 2\), \(r \geq n-1\) and \(c \geq 1\); and \(\mathcal{F}_{\mathbb{P}^2}(r,c)\) and \(\mathcal{F}_{\mathbb{P}^3}(r,1)\) are irreducible, non-singular and of known dimension.