Oscillating solutions and large \(\omega\)-limit sets in a degenerate parabolic equation (Q2427399)

The author deals with the nonnegative classical solutions of the following initial-boundary value problem: \[ \begin{cases} u_t=f( u) ( \Delta u+\lambda _1u) &\text{in }\Omega \times ( 0,T) \\ u| _{\partial \Omega }=0 \\ u| _{t=0}=u_0 \end{cases}\tag{1} \] where (i) \(\Omega \subseteq \mathbb{R}^n\), \(n\geq 1\), is a bounded domain with smooth boundary; (ii) \(\lambda _1>0\) denotes the first eigenvalue of \(-\Delta \) in \( \Omega \); (iii) \(f\in C^0( [ 0,\infty ) ) \cap C^1( ( 0,\infty ) ) \) is assumed to be positive in \(( 0,\infty ) \) with \(f( 0) =0\). The purpose of the paper is to show that if the degeneracy is strong enough in a certain sense, then \(( 1) \) possesses global unbounded solutions which oscillate in time with amplitude growing to infinity. More, the author shows that these solutions may have an unbounded but ordered \( \omega\)-limit set \[ \omega ( u_0) :=\{ \omega \in L^2( \Omega ) \mid u( \cdot ,t_k) \to \omega ,t_k\to \infty \} . \] Let \(H( s) :=\int_1^s\frac{d\sigma }{f( \sigma ) }\), \(s>0\), with \[ \int_0sH( s) \,ds=-\infty .\tag{2} \] The main results of the paper are the followings {\parindent=5mm \begin{itemize}\item[1.] If \(( 2) \) holds, then \(( 1) \) possesses a global positive classical solution \(u\) that oscillate in the sense that \[ \lim \sup \| u( \cdot ,t) \| _{L^\infty ( \Omega )}=\infty, \qquad \lim \inf \| u( \cdot ,t) \| _{L^\infty ( \Omega ) } =0. \] \item[2.] If \(( 2) \) holds and \(\frac{ sf^{\prime }( s) }{f( s) }\geq k>0\), for \(s>0\), then there exists \(u_0\in C^0( \overline{\Omega }) \) admitting a global positive classical solution \(u\) of \(( 1) \) that has the \( \omega\)-limit set \(\{ \alpha \Theta \mid \alpha \geq 0\}\), where \(\Theta \) denotes any positive principal Dirichlet eigenfunction of \( -\Delta \) in \(\Omega \). \item[3.] If \(\int_0sH( s) \,ds>-\infty \) but still \(\frac{sf^{\prime }( s) }{f( s) }\geq k>0\), then all positive classical solutions of \(( 1) \) are global and bounded. Moreover, for any such solution there exists a unique \(\alpha \geq 0 \) such that \(u( \cdot ,t) \to \alpha \Theta \) in \( L^2( \Omega ) \) as \(t\to \infty .\) \end{itemize}}