Generalized polar transforms of spacelike isothermic surfaces (Q2428162)

The polar transform of space-like isothermic surfaces in the common conformal compactification \(Q^4_1\) of the three Lorentzian space forms with constant curvature \(c \in \{-1, 0, 1\}\) has been considered in [\textit{X.~Ma} and \textit{P.~Wang}, Result. Math. 52, No. 3--4, 347--358 (2008; Zbl 1239.53016)]. In this paper, the author generalizes this polar transform to so-called ``\(c\)-polar transforms'' of space-like isothermic surfaces in the conformal compactification \(Q^n_r\) of \(n\)-dimensional pseudo-Riemannian space forms of constant curvature. Under mild additional assumptions, the \(c\)-polar transform is again space-like isothermic and can be characterized as generalized \(H\)-surface with null minimal section (a surface with mean curvature vector \(H\) that admits a unit normal vector field \(N\) such that \(\langle N, H \rangle = 0\)). If both, the original isothermic surface and its \(c\)-polar transform are closed immersions, they have the same Willmore functional. Finally, the \(c\)-polar transform commutes with the Darboux transform and the spectral transform of isothermic surfaces.