Maximal function characterizations of Hardy spaces associated with Schrödinger operators on nilpotent Lie groups (Q2430530)

Let \(G\) be a connected and simply connected nilpotent Lie group and \(L=-\Delta+W\) be the Schrödinger operator on \(L^2(G)\) for \(0\leq W\in L_{\text{loc}}^1(G)\). The paper under review gives some characterizations of the Hardy space \(H_L^p(G)\) for \(p\in (0,1]\) in terms of the radial maximal functions and non-tangential maximal functions associated with \(\{e^{-t^2L}\}_{t>0}\) and \(\{e^{-t\sqrt{L}}\}_{t>0}\), respectively. The boundedness of the Riesz transform \(\nabla L^{-1/2}\) from \(H_L^p(G)\) to \(L^p(G)\) with \(p\in (0,1]\) and from \(H_L^p(G)\) to \(H^p(G)\) with \(p\in (D/(D+1), 1]\) are also established, where \(D\) is the dimension at infinity of \(G\). All these results above greatly extend certain well-known results. For example, for \(W=0\), the theory of the Hardy space \(H^p(G)\) on \(G\) with \(p\in (0,1]\) was established by Folland and Stein in 1982, see also \textit{M. Christ} and \textit{D. Geller}'s work [Duke Math. J. 51, 547--598 (1984; Zbl 0601.43003)] for the Riesz transform characterization of \(H^1(G)\) and \textit{L. Saloff-Coste}'s works [C. R. Acad. Sci., Paris, Sér. I 305, 457--459 (1987; Zbl 0625.43002); ibid. 309, No. 3, 149--151 (1989; Zbl 0697.22014); Ark. Mat. 28, No. 2, 315--331 (1990; Zbl 0715.43009)] for further generalizations to Lie groups of polynomial growth; for \(W\in L_{\text{loc}}^1(G)\) being non-negative potential, the Hardy space \(H_L^p(G)\) with \(p\in (0,1]\) defined by the Lusin area function associated with the semigroup \(\{e^{-t^2L}\}_{t>0}\) and the atomic and molecular characterizations of these spaces can be found in [\textit{S. Hofmann, G. Lu, D. Mitrea, M. Mitrea} and \textit{L. Yan}, Mem. Am. Math. Soc. (to appear); \textit{R. Jiang} and \textit{D. Yang}, ``Orlicz-Hardy spaces associated with operators satisfying Davies-Gaffney estimates'', \url{arXiv:0903.4494v2}].