Moduli spaces of vector bundles over a Klein surface (Q2430724)

A Klein surface is a compact topological surface endowed with a dianalytic structure. Klein surfaces can be orientable or non-orientable and they can have non-empty boundary. Given a Klein surface \(S\), its complex cover is a compact Riemann surface \(M\) endowed with an anti-holomorphic involution which determines topologically the surface \(S\). Moduli varieties of semistable vector bundles over orientable surfaces with empty boundary are important objects in algebraic geometry. In recent years, analogous spaces for other types of surfaces (non-orientable or with non-empty boundary) have been studied. In the paper under review, the author compares dianalytic vector bundles over \(S\) and holomorphic vector bundles over \(M\), with special attention to the implications that this has for moduli varieties of semistable vector bundles over \(M\). Let \((M,\sigma)\) be a compact Riemann surface endowed with an anti-holomorphic involution, and let \(\mathcal{M}^{r,d}_{(M,\sigma)}\) be the moduli variety of semistable holomorphic vector bundles of rank \(r\) and degree \(d\) over \(M\). The main goal of the paper is to show that the set \[ \mathcal{N}^{r,d}_{\sigma}:=\{[gr(\mathcal{E})]\in \mathcal{M}^{r,d}_{(M,\sigma)} : \mathcal{E} \; \text{{is \;semistable \;and \;real}}\} \] of moduli of real semistable bundles of rank \(r\) and degree \(d\) is a totally real, totally geodesic Lagrangian submanifold of \(\mathcal{M}^{r,d}_{(M,\sigma)}\). For that, the author proves that there is an anti-symplectic involutive isometry \(\beta_{\sigma}\) of \(\mathcal{M}^{r,d}_{(M,\sigma)}\) such that the set \(\mathcal{N}^{r,d}_{\sigma}\) is a union of connected components of Fix(\(\beta_{\sigma}\)).