The Szegő curve and Laguerre polynomials with large negative parameters (Q2431226)

The paper deals with the asymptotic distribution of zeros of the rescaled Laguerre polynomials \(L_n^{\alpha_n}(nz)\) as \(n\to\infty\) and where for the sequence \(\alpha_n\) there is \(\lim_{n\to\infty} \alpha_n/n= -1\). The following theorem is the main result of the paper. Let \(\Gamma_r\) be a curve on the complex plane given by: \[ \Gamma_r=\left\{z\in\mathbb C, \left| ze^{1-z}\right|=e^{-r},\, |z|\leq 1\right\},\quad 0\leq r<\infty, \] for \(r=\infty\) set \(\Gamma_\infty=\{0\}\). The curve \(\Gamma_0\) is the so-called Szegö curve. Consider a probability measure \(\mu_r\) on \(\Gamma_r\) given by \[ d\mu_r(z)=\frac1{2\pi i} \frac{1-z}{z} dz, \] with \(\mu_0\) being the delta measure at \(z=0\). Let \(\mathbb S_n=\{-n,-(n-1),\dots,-1\}\). Let \(\nu^n_{\alpha_n}\) be a discrete probability measure assigning the weight \(1/n\) to each of the zeros of \(L_n^{\alpha_n}(nz)\). Finally, suppose that the sequence \(\alpha_n\) is of a form such that \(\lim \alpha_n/n=-1\) and \(\lim [\mathrm{distance}(\alpha_n,\mathbb S_n)]^{1/n} = e^{-r}\), \(0\leq r\leq \infty\). Then the measures \(\nu^n_{\alpha_n}\) weakly converge to \(\mu_r\) as \(n\to\infty\).