The Vietoris hyperspace structure for approach spaces (Q2434171)

Let \((X,\mathcal R)\) be an approach space in the sense of \textit{R. Lowen} [Math. Nachr. 141, 183--226 (1989; Zbl 0676.54012)], where \(\mathcal R\) is a regular function frame on \(X\), and denote by \(\mathcal C(X)\) the set of all nonempty subsets of \(X\) that are closed in the topological coreflection \((X,\mathcal R_{\mathcal T})\) of \((X,\mathcal R)\). The authors define approach structures (i.e., regular function frames) \(\mathcal R^\wedge_{\mathcal V}\), \(\mathcal R^\vee_{\mathcal V}\), and \(R_{\mathcal V}\) on \(\mathcal C(X)\) in such a way that if \((X,\mathcal R)\) is topological, then \((\mathcal C(X),\mathcal R^\wedge_{\mathcal V})\) is topological and the underlying topology is the classical upper Vietoris topology, \((\mathcal C(X),\mathcal R^\vee_{\mathcal V})\) is topological and the underlying topology is the classical lower Vietoris topology, and \((\mathcal C(X),\mathcal R_{\mathcal V})\) is topological and the underlying topology is the classical Vietoris topology on \(\mathcal C(X)\). Given a compact metric space \((X, d)\), it is well-known that there are quasi-metrics \(d^-_H\) and \(d^+_H\) on \(\mathcal C(X)\) defined by \(d^-_H(A,B) = \sup_{a\in A}\inf_{b\in B}d(a,b)\) and \(d^+_H(A,B)= \sup_{b\in B}\inf_{a\in A} d(a,b)\) such that \(d_H = d^-_H \vee d^+ _H\) is the Hausdorff metric on \(\mathcal C(X)\). If \((X,\mathcal R^d)\), \((\mathcal C(X),\mathcal R^{d^-_H})\),and \((\mathcal C(X),\mathcal R^{d^+_H})\) are the approach spaces obtained in the natural way from \((X,d), (\mathcal C(X), d^-)\), and \((\mathcal C(X),d^+)\), respectively, then it turns out that \((\mathcal C(X),(R^d)^\vee_{\mathcal V})=(\mathcal C(X),R^{d^-_ H})\) and \((\mathcal C(X),(R^d)^\wedge_{\mathcal V})=(\mathcal C(X),R^{d^+_H})\). Hence, for compact metric spaces \(X\), the approach structure \(R_{\mathcal V}\) yields the Hausdorff metric. It is also shown that for every \(T_1\) approach space \((X,\mathcal R)\) the measure of compactness studied in \textit{R. Lowen} [Q. J. Math., Oxf. II. Ser. 39, No. 154, 235--254 (1988; Zbl 0672.54025)] coincides with the measure of compactness of \((\mathcal C(X)R_{\mathcal V})\).