Metric or partial metric spaces endowed with a finite number of graphs: a tool to obtain fixed point results (Q2435266)

Let \((V,d)\) be a metric space and let \(G= \{G_i: i\leq i\leq q\}\) be a family of graphs such that \(G_i= (V,E_i)\), \(E_i\subset V\times V\). We say that a given mapping \(T: V\to V\) is \(G\)-monotone if for all \(i\in\{1,2,\dots, q\}\), we have that \((x,y)\in E_i\) implies \((Tx,Ty)\in E_{i+1}\) with \(E_{q+1}= E_1\). The pair \((G,d)\) is regular if the following condition holds: \[ \begin{multlined}(\{x_n\}\subset V\wedge x\in V:\forall_{i\in\{1,2,\dots, q\}}\exists_{\{x_{m_{i,k}}\}\subset\{x_n\}}\forall_k(x_{m_{i,k}},x_{m_{i,k+1}})\in E_i\text{ and}\\ d(x_n, x)\to 0)\Rightarrow(\exists_{\{x_{n_k}\subset \{\{x_n\}}\exists_{j\in \{1,2,\dots, q\}}\forall _k(x_{n_k}, x)\in E_j).\end{multlined} \] In the present paper the authors prove the following theorem: Theorem 2. Let \((V,d)\) be a complete metric space and let \(T: V\to V\) be a \(G\)-monotone mapping. Also suppose that: (a) there exists \(x_0\in V\) such that \((x_0,Tx_0)\in E_1\), (b) \((G,d)\) is regular, (c) there exist a nondecreasing function \(\psi: [0,\infty)\to [0,\infty)\) satisfying \(\lim_n\psi^n(t)= 0\) for all \(t> 0\), and a lower-semicontinuous function \(\phi:V\to [0,\infty)\) such that \[ d(Tx,Ty)+ \phi(Tx)+ \phi(Ty)\leq \psi(d(x,y)+ \phi(x)+ \phi(y))\text{ for all }(x,y)\in E_i,\quad i= 1,2,\dots,q, \] (d) there exist \(i\in \{1,2,\dots, q\}\) and \(A_i\), \(B_i\subset V\) such that \(E_i\subset A_i\times B_i\). Then \(T\) has a fixed point. Moreover, if there exists \(j\in\{1,2,\dots,q\}\) such that \(\text{Fix}(T)\) is \(G_j\)-directed (i.e. for every \(x,y\in\text{Fix}(T)\) there exists \(z\in V\) such that \((x,z)\), \((y,z)\in E_j\)), then \(T\) has unique fixed point. Next, using this theorem the authors deduce several fixed point theorems in partial metric spaces and some fixed point theorems for cyclic mappings.