Two-sided estimates for solutions to the Cauchy problem for Wazewski linear differential systems with delay (Q2436106)

The author investigates the initial value problem for Ważewski linear differential systems with finite delay of the form \[ \frac{dx(t)}{dt}=\int_{-\tau}^0d\,A(\theta)x(t+\theta)-Bx(t),\quad t>0,\quad x(t)=x^{(0)}(t),\quad t\in[-\tau,0], \eqno(1) \] where \(x\in\mathbb{R}^m\), \(dx(t)/dt\) is a right-hand derivative, \(A(\theta)=(a_{ij}(\theta))\) is an (\(m\times m\))-matrix, \(a_{ij}(\theta)\) are nondecreasing functions on \([-\tau,0]\), \(B = \text{diag}(b_{11},\dots, b_{mm})\) has positive entries \(b_{ii}\), \(i=1,\dots,m\), each row of \(V_A = A(0)-A(-\tau)\) is nonzero. A necessary and sufficient condition of asymptotic stability of the zero solution to the Wazewski system (1) was established in [\textit{A. Yu. Obolenskij}, Ukr. Math. J. 35, 486--492 (1983); translation from Ukr. Mat. Zh. 35, No. 5, 574--579 (1983; Zbl 0537.34072)]: the matrix \(H=V_A-B\) meets the Sevast'yanov-Kotelyanskii criterion. The author notes that the solution \(x(t)\equiv 0\) to (1) is asymptotically stable if and only if \((-H)\) is a nonsingular M-matrix. The main result of the paper is the following: If \(B - V_A\) is a nonsingular M-matrix, then, for \(t\geq0\), a solution \(x(t)\) to (1) satisfies the two-sided estimate \(0\leq x(t)\leq ce^{-\gamma t}\), where \(\gamma\in\mathbb{R}\) and \(c\in \mathbb{R}^m\) satisfy the inequalities: \(0<\gamma<\min(b_{11},\dots,b_{mm})\), \(c>0\), \(\left(B-\gamma I-\int_{-\tau}^0e^{\gamma\theta}d\,A(\theta)\right)c\geq0\), \(c\geq\sup_{t\in[\tau,0]}(e^{-\gamma t}x^{(0)}(t))\). The result is obtained by means of the method of monotone operators and the properties of nonsingular M-matrices. Some estimates for solutions to several particular problems are constructed.