Exact Lagrangian immersions with one double point revisited (Q2439289)

The Liouville form \(\theta\) and the symplectic form \(\omega\) on \(\mathbb C^n\) with coordinates \((x_1+iy_1,\dots,x_n+iy_n)\) are defined as \(\theta=\sum_{j=1}^ny_jdx_j\) and \(\omega=-d\theta\), respectively. An immersion \(f:K\to\mathbb C^n\) of an \(n\)-manifold \(K\) is Lagrangian if \(f^*\omega=0\) and exact Lagrangian if the closed form \(f^*\theta\) is also exact, i.e., \(f^*\theta=dz\) for some function \(z:K\to\mathbb R\). In [Invent. Math. 82, 307--347 (1985; Zbl 0592.53025)], \textit{M. Gromov} proved that no closed manifold admits an exact Lagrangian embedding into \(\mathbb C^n\) which can be viewed as a statement about exact Lagrangian immersions with no double points. In [``Exact Lagrangian immersions with a single double point'', \url{arXiv:1111.5932}], the authors studied exact Lagrangian immersions with a single double point, and they proved that if \(K\) is a closed orientable \(2k\)-manifold, \(k>2\), with Euler characteristic \(\chi(K)\neq-2\), and if \(K\) admits an exact Lagrangian immersion \(f:K\to\mathbb C^{2k}\) with one transverse double point and no other self intersections, then \(K\) is diffeomorphic to the standard sphere \(S^{2k}\). In this paper, the authors prove that if \(K\) is an orientable \(n\)-manifold that admits an exact Lagrangian immersion \(f\) into \(\mathbb C^n\) with exactly one double point \(a\) whose Maslov grading satisfies \(|a|_{2j}\neq 1\), where \(2j\) is the Maslov index of \(f\), then \(j=0\), \(|a|=n\), and \(K\simeq S^n\) is homotopy equivalent to the sphere. If, in addition, the stable Gauss map \(Gf\) of \(K\) is homotopic to the stable Gauss map of the Whitney immersion of \(S^n\) then \(K\) bounds a parallelizable manifold, where the stable Gauss map \(Gf\) is the composition of the Gauss map \(K\to U_n/O_n\) with the natural map \(U_n/O_n\to U/O\).