A class of Schrödinger operators with decaying oscillatory potentials (Q2439707)

The author studies (self-adjoint) Schrödinger operators \(H\) of the form \[ (Hu)(x) = -u''(x) + V(x) u(x), \] acting on \(L^2(0, +\infty)\), where \(0\) is a regular point (the boundary condition at \(x = 0\) is \(u'(0)\sin\theta = u(0)\cos\theta\), for some \(\theta \in [0, \pi)\)), while at \(+\infty\) the operator is in the limit point case. The potential \(V(x)\) belongs to a special class of oscillatory potentials decaying to \(0\), thus \(\sigma_{\text{ess}}(H) = [0, +\infty)\). This class is inspired by and generalizes potentials of the form \(V(x) = \gamma(x) W(x)\), where (i) \(\gamma(x)\) has bounded variation on \([0, +\infty)\), (ii) \(W(x)\) is almost periodic whose sequence of Fourier coefficients is in \(l_{\alpha}\), with \(\alpha \in (0, \frac{1}{p-1})\) and (iii) \(V \in L^p(0, \infty)\), where \(p \geq 2\) is an integer. The main goal of the article is the estimation of the Hausdorff dimension of the singular part of the spectral measure \(\mu\) associated to \(H\). In order to obtain an upper bound of the Hausdorff dimension, the author considers the set \[ S = \{ E > 0 | \text{not all solutions of}\,\, (Hu)(x) = E u(x)\,\, \text{ are bounded} \}, \] since it is known that \(\mu\) is absolutely continuous (with respect to the Lebesgue measure) on \((0, +\infty) \setminus S\). The main result of the paper is that the Hausdorff dimension of \(S\) is at most \((p-1) \alpha < 1\).