Generalized Sturm Liouville boundary conditions for first order differential systems in the plane (Q2442306)

The authors consider a planar system of the type \[ (S)\quad Ju'=\nabla Hu+R(t,u), \] where \(J=\left( \begin{matrix} 0 & -1 \\ 1 & 0\\ \end{matrix} \right)\) is the symplectic matrix, \(H: \mathbb{R}^2\longrightarrow\mathbb{R}^+\) is a \(C^1\)-Hamilotonian, homogeneous of degree \(2\) and \(R: [0,T]\times\mathbb{R}^2\longrightarrow\mathbb{R}^2\) is a continuous function. The following general boundary conditions are associated with \((S)\): \[ u(0)\in C_S\,\text{ and }\, u(T)\in C_A, \] where \(C_S\) and \(C_A\) are called ``starting'' and ``arrival'' cones, respectively. Under some growth conditions on the nonlinearity \(R\), including the sub-linear case at positive infinity, the authors prove existence and multiplicity of solutions. The proofs rely on the shooting method and on a generalizing the notion of Fučík spectrum to the plane.