Necessary and sufficient conditions for associated differential operators in quaternionic analysis and applications to initial value problems (Q2443918)

The paper is concerned with the following initial value problem \[ \begin{aligned} \frac{\partial u}{\partial t} & = \mathcal{L} u := \sum \limits^3_{i=0} A^{(i)} (t, x) \frac{\partial u}{\partial x_{i}} + B(t, x)u + C(t, x),\\ u (0, x) & = u_{0}(x), \end{aligned} \] in the space of generalized regular functions in the sense of \textit{quaternionic analysis} satisfying the differential equation \[ \mathcal{D}_{\lambda}u := \mathcal{D} u + \lambda u = 0, \] where \({t \in [0, T]}\) is the time variable, \(x\) runs in a bounded and simply connected domain in \(\mathbb{R}^{4}\), \(\lambda\) is a real number, and \({\mathcal{D}}\) is the Cauchy-Fueter operator. Conditions on the coefficients of the differential operator \(\mathcal{L}\) are presented to ensure that \(\mathcal{L}\) is associated with the operator \({\mathcal{D}_{\lambda}}\), i.e., \[ {\mathcal{D}_{\lambda}}u=0 \quad \Rightarrow\quad {\mathcal{D}_{\lambda}}(\mathcal{L}u)=0. \]