Some classes of functions and Fourier coefficients with respect to general orthonormal systems (Q2446178)

The authors of the present paper find conditions on the functions of an orthonormal system under which the Fourier coefficients of the functions of some differential classes satisfy the hypothesis of the Men'shov-Rademacher theorem. Among others they prove the following very interesting statement: Let \((\varphi _n(x))\) be an orthonormal system on \([0,1]\) and \(\int _{0}^{1}\varphi _n(x)dx=0\) (\(n=0,1,2,\dots\)). The Fourier coefficients of an arbitrary function \(f\in \mathrm{Lip}\,1\) satisfy the condition \[ \sum_{n=1}^{\infty}\widehat{\varphi }_{n}^{2}(f)\log _{2}^{2}(n+1)<+\infty \] if and only if \[ \frac{1}{n}\sum_{i=1}^{n-1}\Bigg|\int_{0}^{i/n}M_{n}(a,x)dx\Bigg|=O_{a}\left(\sum_{k=1}^{n}a_{k}^{2}\log_{2}^{2}(k+1)\right)^{\frac{1}{2}}, \] where \(M_{n}(a,x)=\sum_{k=1}^{n}a_{k}\log_{2}^{2}(k+1)\varphi _k(x)\) and \(a=(a_k)\) is a sequence of numbers.