Classification of spherical tilings by congruent quadrangles over pseudo-double wheels. I: A special tiling by congruent concave quadrangles (Q2446421)

This paper deals with \textit{spherical tilings by congruent polygons}. This is, a set of interiorly disjoint congruent spherical polygons, which cover the sphere such that: each edge of a polygon matches an edge of another polygon, each vertex lies in at least three edges. By Euler's formula the size of the polygons in such a tiling is either \(3\), \(4\) or \(5\). Ueno and Agaoka classified all spherical tilings by congruent triangles. This paper takes steps towards a classification of all spherical tilings by congruent \textit{convex} quadrangles. Brinkmann et al. showed that every simple quadrangulation of the sphere arises from a \textit{pseudo-double wheel} by two local expansions. Here, the author shows that there are assignments of edge-lengths to pseudo-wheels which admit only tilings by congruent \textit{concave} quadrangles.