Four-term recurrence relations for \(\gamma\)-forms (Q2446987)

The authors prove that the integrals \[ f_n= \int_0^{\infty}Q_n(x)\ln xe^{-x}\,dx, g_n= \int_1^{\infty}Q_n(x)\ln xe^{-x}\,dx \] involving polynomials \[ Q_n(x)=\frac{(1-x)^{-1}e^x}{(n!)^2}\frac{d^n}{dx^n}x^n\frac{d^n}{dx^n}(1-x)^{2n+1}x^ne^{-x} \] satisfy a four-term recurrence relation with explicitly given coefficients and initial conditions. The idea of the proof is as follows. The sequence of the polynomials \(Q_n\) is the limiting case of the known sequence of the so-called multiple orthogonal polynomials and therefore the above forms satisfy the known eight-term recurrence relation. Computer aided check suggests however that the latter eight-term recurrence relation reduces to a four-term one. The authors show that the rigorous proof of the four-term hypothesis requires its check for a finite number of values \(n\) and estimate this number. Then the computer aided verification of the four-term recurrence relation for all these values completes the proof.