Integer-valued polynomials over matrices and divided differences (Q2447937)

For an integrally closed domain \(D\) with field of quotients \(K\) let \(M_n(D)\) be the ring of \(n\times n\) matrices over \(D\), and for a subset \(S\) of \(M_n(D)\) denote by \(\mathrm{Int}(X,M_n(D))\) the set of polynomials \(f\in K[X]\), mapping \(S\) into \(M_n(D)\). Let \(M_n^p(D)\) and \(T_n^p(D)\) be the sets of matrices, resp. triangular matrices, having a prescribed characteristic polynomial \(p(X)\). The author first describes polynomials in \(\mathrm{Int}(M_n^p(D),M_n(D))\) (Lemma 2.2), and uses it to characterize polynomials in \(M_n(D)\) in terms of divided differences (Theorem 4.1) (in a previous paper [J. Number Theory 137, 241--255 (2014; Zbl 1283.13017)] he did the same for the set of triangular matrices). Finally the author shows that if \(p(X)\) is monic and totally split, then the sets \(\mathrm{Int}(M_n^p(D),M_n(D)\) and \(\mathrm{Int}(T_n^p(D),M_n(D)\) coincide (Lemma 5.1), and if the Jacobson radical of \(D\) is zero, then the set \(M_n^p(D)\) is polynomially closed for all monic \(p\in D[X]\) with \(\deg p=n\).