Coefficient bounds for bi-starlike analytic functions (Q2448505)

Let \(\mathcal A\) be the class of analytic functions \(f(z)\) in the open unit disk \[ \mathbb U=\{z:z \in \mathbb C \,\,\, \mathrm{and} \,\,\, |z|<1\} \] and represented by the normalized series \[ f(z)=z+ \sum^{\infty}_{n=2}a_{n}z^{n} \quad (z \in\mathbb U). \leqno{(1)} \] We denote by \(\mathcal S\) the family of univalent functions in \(\mathcal A\). Definition 1.1. [\textit{D. A. Brannan} and \textit{T. S. Taha}, in: Mathematical analysis and its applications, Proc. Int. Conf. , Safat/Kuwait 1985, KFAS Proc. Ser. 3, 53--60 (1988; Zbl 0703.30014)] The function \(f(z)\) given by (1) is said to be in the class \(\mathcal S^{\star \beta}_{\sigma}\) (\(0< \beta \leq 1\)), the class of strongly bi-starlike functions of order \(\beta\), if each of the following conditions is satisfied: \[ \displaystyle{f \in \sigma, \,\,\, \left|\mathrm{arg} \left(\frac{zf^{\prime}(z)}{f(z)}\right)\right|< \frac{\beta \pi}{2} \quad (z\in\mathbb U)} \] and \[ \displaystyle{\left|\mathrm{arg} \left(\frac{wg^{\prime}(w)}{g(w)} \right)\right|< \frac{\beta \pi}{2} \quad (w\in\mathbb U)}, \] where the function \(g\) is the analytic continuation of \(f^{-1}(w)\) to \(\mathbb U\). Definition 1.2. [loc. cit.] The function \(f(z)\) given by (1) is said to be in the class \(\mathcal S^{\star}_{\sigma}(\rho)\), the class of bi-starlike funtions of order \(\rho\) (\(0\leq \rho<1\)), if the following conditions are satisfied: \[ \displaystyle{f \in \sigma, \,\,\, \Re \left(\frac{zf^{\prime}(z)}{f(z)}\right) > \rho \quad (z \in\mathbb U)} \] and \[ \displaystyle{\Re \left(\frac{wg^{\prime}(w)}{g(w)} \right)>\rho \quad (w \in\mathbb U)}. \] Brannan and Taha [loc. cit.] found estimates for the second and third Taylor-Maclaurin coefficients of the functions \(f\) in the classes \(\mathcal S^{\star \beta}_{\sigma}\) and \(\mathcal S^{\star}_{\sigma}(\rho)\), that is \[ |a_{2}|\leq \frac{2\beta}{\sqrt{1+\beta}}\quad(f \in \mathcal S^{\star \beta}_{\sigma}) \quad\mathrm{and}\quad |a_{2}| \leq \sqrt{2(1-\rho)} \quad (f \in\mathcal S^{\star}_{\sigma}(\rho)). \] Similarly, \[ |a_{3}| \leq 2\beta\quad (f \in\mathcal S^{\star \beta}_{\sigma}) \quad\mathrm{and}\quad |a_{3}|\leq 2(1-\rho) \quad (f \in\mathcal S^{\star}_{\sigma}(\rho)). \leqno (2) \] In this note the authors improve the bound on \(|a_{3}|\) (\(f \in\mathcal S^{\star \beta}_{\sigma}\)) of Brannan and Taha [loc. cit.] given in (2). They also find estimates for \(|a_{4}|\) when \(f \in\mathcal S^{\star \beta}_{\sigma}\) and \(f\in\mathcal S^{\star}_{\sigma}(\rho)\).