A chord diagram expansion coming from some Dyson-Schwinger equations (Q2448561)

From the text: ``Dyson-Schwinger equations are integral equations in quantum field theory which have a recursive structure that mirrors the recursive decomposition of Feynman diagrams into subdiagrams. They are also very difficult to solve in general, and even partial information can provide physically valuable results. This paper looks at the special case where the underlying decomposition of diagrams has the same shape as the standard recurrence for rooted trees. This occurs in Dyson-Schwinger equations for propagators built from one diagram with one loop inserted in one place.'' ``Our main result gives us \(G(x,L)\) (a solution of the Dyson-Schwinger equations), which is a physically meaningful quantity, as a sort of multivariate generating function of chord diagrams. Having an explicit solution, albeit as a series expansion, is unusual in such problems, even more so for solutions where we have a handle on the coefficients, as we obtain in this paper. We are optimistic that this level of understanding will allow us to derive physically interesting consequences, such as analytic information about \(G(x,L)\), and about the \(\beta\) function of the model.''