Zeros of weakly holomorphic modular forms of levels 2 and 3 (Q2449418)

The location of zeros of Eisenstein series, Poincaré series and some modular functions have been studied. For example, \textit{F. K. C. Rankin} and \textit{H. P. F. Swinnerton-Dyer} [Bull. Lond. Math. Soc. 2, 169--170 (1970; Zbl 0203.35504)] proved that all zeros of Eisenstein series in the standard fundamental domain for \(\mathrm{SL}_2(\mathbb Z)\) lie on the unit circle \(|z|=1\). In this article, the authors study the location of zeros of weakly horomorphic modular forms for \(\Gamma_0(N)\) with poles only at cusps equivalent to \(\infty\), for \(N=2,3\). The space generated by these forms is denoted by \(M_k^\sharp(N)\). Let \(N=2\) and \(\mathbf{F}_2\) the fundamental domain of \(\Gamma_0(2)\) having \(0,\infty\) as cusps. They construct a basis \(\{f_{k,n}^{(2)}(z)|n\geq -\lfloor k/4\rfloor\}\) of \(M_k^\sharp(2)\) from Eisenstein series and the Hauptmodul for \(\Gamma_0(2)\). By using a generating function for \(\{f_{k,n}^{(2)}(z)\}\) given by \textit{A. El-Guindy} [Int. J. Number Theory 3, No. 4, 529--539 (2007; Zbl 1146.11027)], on the lower boundary \(\{z=(-1+e^{i\theta})/2\mid 0\leq\theta\leq\pi/2\}\) of \(\mathbf{F}_2\), they obtain an integral representation of the difference of \(f_{k,n}^{(2)}(z)\) and some trigonometric function. Though the function \(f_{k,n}^{(2)}(z)\) does not necessarily have all zeros on the lower boundary, estimating the integral, they prove the following result: Put \(\ell=\lfloor k/4\rfloor\). If \(\ell\geq 0\) and \(n\geq 14\ell+8\), or if \(\ell<0\) and \(n>15|\ell|+8\), then at least \(\lfloor (3\sqrt 3n+k)/6\rfloor\) of the \(n+\ell\) nontrivial zeros of \(f_{k,n}^{(2)}(z)\) lie on the lower boundary of \(\mathbf{F}_2\). Further they also give a similar result for \(N=3\).